22 August 2004
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Serrano Indians were the first occupants of Big Bear Valley approximately 3,000 years ago. The Name "Serrano" is Spanish for mountaineer. The Indians called themselves "Yuharetum," or "people of the pines." The Serrano were a very strong and self-sufficient people and acclimated well to life at a high altitude. They lived off the land by combining hunting and foraging. They went after game such as deer and rabbit. And gathered pine nuts and acorns.
In 1845, while in pursuit of Indians, Benjamin D. Wilson discovered and named Bear Valley because as he said, "the place was alive with bears!" In 1860 William Holcomb was hunting bear and discovered gold instead. What followed was Southern California's largest gold rush.
Big Bear's first dam, completed in 1884, was soon followed by the Valley's first hotel in 1888. In 1949 the first ski resort opened.
On a cold spring morning in 1883, with fresh snow still on the ground, Frank
Elwood Brown rode into Big Bear valley looking for a reliable source of water
for Redlands citrus farmers. As he explored the valley, he knew his search was
over. Returning to Redlands, he organized a group of wealthy Redlands farmers
and formed the "Bear Valley Land and Water Co." They immediately began buying
up land and water rights in Bear Valley. Construction started in July. Because
of financial considerations, it was decided that a single arch rock dam would
be built, instead of a conventional gravity dam. Granite blocks, weighing two
to three tons each, would be cut from the surrounding hillsides by hand,
without the use of explosives, to be used as construction material. The winter
snows of 1883 brought construction to a halt.
In June of 1884 work commenced again, and by that November, the dam reached its final height of 52 feet. The rock dam was only 20 feet wide at the bottom and 3 feet wide at the top. There was a very real concern as to whether or not a dam this thin could hold back the enormous pressure of a five mile long lake. Its strength would come from the design and shape of its arch. The workers went home for the winter. As soon as possible, Brown rode into Bear Valley the following spring. He was greeted by the sight of a new lake where lush green meadows and tall pine forests had sat, just one year earlier. The next year, on July 10, 1885, the floodgates were opened and water started flowing down Bear Creek to grateful Redlands farmers. The new lake drowned over 9,000 trees, but Frank Brown had created the largest man made lake in the world, at a cost of $75,000. The narrow dam was safe and would continue to hold strong for over 20 years. Located 50 yards east of
the current dam, it still stands today, usually under about 20 feet of water.
The following pictures are the low-resolution versions. For the high-resolution versions: Click here
Many of the below pictures refer to fire damage. This occurred from the large Big Bear Fire in October 2003. The first link is a satellite view of the fires that month.
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